Fort St George

About Fort St George

St. George Fort is located on the banks of Bay of Bengal. It was built by the British East India Company in 1640 AD. The fort is believed to be the first establishment of the British in India. It is a military architecture marvel, which was erected as a trading post and later evolved to be the origin of modern Indian Army. Situated in the coastal state of Tamil Nadu, this ancient monument is worth watching on your trip to Chennai. St. George Fort holds great historical importance and is looked after by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Fort St. George was the first British fortress in India. The construction of the fort at Chennai saw a spurt in settlements and construction activity around the place. The later day Madras/Chennai city evolved around the same fort. Fort St. George has the distinction of being the oldest English fort on the East Coast of India. Constructed between 1640 and 1653 and subsequently reconstructed in the year 1783, Fort St. George was once a town, complete with named streets, alleys and roads. Since Fort St. George was completed on April 23rd, coinciding with St. George’s Day; the fort was christened Fort St. George, which soon became the hub of merchant activity. The fort led to the development of a new settlement called George Town. Over a period of time Fort St. George helped the British to extend their influence over the Carnatic region.

History

1639 -- Francis Day, an English trader and representative of the Company received a grant of land from Venkatadri Nayak of Poonamalee to erect a trading outpost, which grew into Fort St. George.
1640 -- A trading outpost of the factory erected with in the first enclosure of the ‘inner walls’. Beri Thimappa, the chief merchant, established Black Town, a settlement of weavers and other natives, to the north of this walled enclosure. The Fort of Madras named as Fort St. George.

Mid-1600 – An outer wall constructed around the growing White Settlement.

1680 – St. Mary’s Church built within the Fort.

1694-95 – Old Fort House was replaced by a new one that still remains at the core of the present Secretariat.

1700-07 – A protective mud wall built around Old Black Town.

1711 – Removal of the inner walls surrounding the Fort House, its rubble used to form the Fort Square.

1790 – Fort Exchange established and built within the Fort by Free Merchants. It was later converted to Fort Museum in 1948.

Nearest Visiting places

Marina Beach
The city’s Marina Beach, bordered by gardens, lies just to the South of the War Memorial. It is claimed to be the second largest in the world, about 13 kms.

Covelong
For a balmy holiday, the fishing village of Covelong has an excellent stretch of beach. This lies 55 km enroute to Mamallapuram which is 60 km from Madras and is a breathtaking seaside haven ideal for a relaxing holiday.

Elliots Beach (Marina beach):

The Marina Beach is a beach situated along shoreline in the city of Chennai, India.It is the longest beach in India and the second longest in the world

Valluvar Kottam
The ValluvarKottam, dedicated to the memory of the Tamil Saint Philosopher and poet Thiruvalluvar, is the largest auditorium in Asia. It is located at the junction of Kodampakkam High Road and Valluvar Kottam Road.

National Art Gallery and Museum
Built in 1906, the Chennai National Art Gallery was originally intended to be a memorial to queen Victoria. An impressive certal dome flanked a series of smaller domes supported by pillars on each side. After independence, it became an art Gallery in 1951. It has bronze exhibits dating from 10th to 13th centuries and paintings of Rajasthani and Mughals of the 17th century. Established in 1857, the museum can justify its claim to being one of India’s best. There are large sectiors devoted to Archacology, Anthropology, Geology, Numismatics, Zoology and Botany along with comprehensive collections of arms and armour.

Parathasarathy Temple
Located at Triplicane High Road is the large Sri Prthasarathy Temple. This Hindu Temple, devoted to Lord Krishna, was built in the 8th Century by Pallava King and has been ornately renovated since.

Hotels/Lodge/Accommodation

For accommodation near Fort St George, nearby towns offer budget lodges, guesthouses, and mid-range hotels. Book ahead during peak season (December-March).

Help Line/Phone Number

Kutchery Road Police Station
, Mylapore, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

R 7 KK Nagar Police Station
Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu- 044 2345630

Police Station
, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Police Station
, Triplicane, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

St. Isabel’s Hospital & Nursing Home
No. 18, Oliver Road, Mylapore, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600004- 044 24991081

Csi Kalyani Multispeciality Hospital
Radha Krishnan Salai, Mylapore, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu- 044 28470642

Rajan Dental - Implants, Cosmetic, Pediatric, Sedation and more
56, Dr.R.K.Salai,, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600004- 044 2847 2266

Harvey Heart Hospitals Ltd
No. 542, T.T.K. Road, Alwarpet, Taynampet, Teynampet, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600018- 044 24311722

Roots Dental Hospitals
33, Desiga Road, Mylapore, Chennai, Tamil nadu 600004- 044 24642565

Location info

• **Address:**Chennai

• **District:**Chennai

• Nearest City: Chennai

• Best time to visit: December To February

Climate & weather

As it lies very close to the equator, there is small fluctuation in seasonal temperature. The mercury rises to 40’C during the summer months but the average temperature in the winters revolves around 24’C. People of Chennai enjoy monsoon rains from June to September.

Things to visit & highlights

Inside Fort St. George
The St. George Fort houses a number of artifacts belonging to the British colonial period. In addition to the British artifacts, there are also some French antiques inside the Fort St. George.

St. Mary’s Church
The foundations of the St. Mary’s Church were laid in the year 1678 and the church was completed in a span of two and a half years, in the reign of Charles the second. St. Mary’s Church, with its marble plaques, tombstones and dedications has been a silent witness to the bygone era of Chennai/Madras city.

Clive House
The Clive House, also known as the “Admirality House” is the place where Robert Clive stayed with his wife in 1753 and later. The Clive House is a brick and mortar structure and is about 300 years old. The Clive House has wooden floors, beautifully carved wooden staircases and high ceilings. The centerpiece of the Clive House is a huge hall situated on the first floor with Corinthian columns. This was a banquet hall, meant for parties and celebrations.

At present, Fort St. George serves as the administrative headquarters for the Tamil Nadu state Legislative Assembly and also houses a garrison for troops in transit to various locations in South India.

How to reach Fort St George

• **Nearest Railway Station:**Chennai Railway junction

• Nearest Airport: Chennai

• **Road Transport:**Chennai city is well connected to all the major cities in Tamil Nadu and other neighboring states through an excellent road network

Best time to visit Fort St George

November to February when the weather is cool and pleasant. Early morning (8–10 AM) or late afternoon (3–5 PM) are the best times to explore, avoiding the midday heat. Forts are particularly photogenic during golden hour (4–5:30 PM).

Timings & opening hours

Open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM on all days. Some forts remain closed on national holidays (Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi Jayanti). Last entry is usually 30–45 minutes before closing.

Entry fee & tickets

Entry fee for Indian nationals: INR 10–25. Foreign nationals: INR 100–250. Camera fee: INR 20–50 (still), INR 100 (video). Children under 15 years generally enter free. Maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India at most locations.

Duration needed

2–3 hours to explore the fort thoroughly. Allow extra time if you plan to climb the ramparts or visit any museum within the fort complex. Photography enthusiasts may need more time.

Safety tips

Wear sturdy walking shoes — fort floors can be uneven with loose stones and steps. Carry water as the climb can be strenuous, especially in summer. Some unguarded edges may be dangerous — stay within visitor areas. Watch for monkeys near eating areas.

Things to carry

1. Comfortable Walking Shoes: Uneven terrain.
2. Water Bottle: Limited facilities inside forts.
3. Hat and Sunglasses: Sun protection.
4. Camera: Capture architecture and views.
5. First-Aid Kit: For minor injuries.

Nearest airport, railway & bus

Nearest airport: varies by fort location. Chennai International Airport (MAA) for northern forts, Madurai Airport (IXM) for southern forts.

Nearest railway station: the nearest station in the closest town.

By road: accessible via state highways and local roads.

Mobile network coverage

Airtel, Jio, BSNL, and Vi all provide coverage across Tamil Nadu. 4G is reliable in Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, and along major highways. Coverage may be weaker in remote sections of the Western Ghats, deep forest reserves, and certain rural interior areas. Free Wi-Fi is widely available in hotels and cafes in urban areas.

Food & restaurants nearby

Forts in Tamil Nadu typically have limited food options on-site. The nearest town offers traditional Tamil meals, idli-dosa shops, and vegetarian restaurants. Carry water and snacks.

Things to do at Fort St George

Explore the fort’s massive ramparts, bastions, and gateways that showcase military architecture from a bygone era. Climb to the highest point for panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Visit the small museum inside (if present) to see artefacts and historical exhibits.

Nearest petrol pump

Petrol pumps are available on the approach road and in the nearest town. Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum, and HPCL outlets are within 3–8 km of the fort.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best time to visit Fort St George? Early morning (8–10 AM) or late afternoon (3–5 PM) between November and February for comfortable weather.

How much time is needed to explore Fort St George? 2–3 hours is adequate for a full exploration. History enthusiasts and photographers may need an additional hour.

Is there a guided tour available at Fort St George? Local guides are available at the entrance. Audio guides may be available at major forts. Information boards in English and Tamil are present.

Accessibility

Historic forts typically have uneven stone pathways, steep staircases, and no ramps. Forts are built on elevated ground — reaching them requires a climb on foot or by vehicle to the base followed by stairs. Visitors with mobility issues may find the outer grounds and lower levels more accessible than the upper ramparts. Wear sturdy footwear and allow extra time.

Rules & restrictions

Do not climb on unstable walls or beyond marked boundaries. Some bastion platforms are partially collapsed. Graffiti and defacement are illegal. Alcohol and smoking are not permitted inside most historic sites. Drones may require permission. Large bags may be checked at the entrance. Photography is permitted but tripods may need special permission. Respect heritage rules — these monuments are protected under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act.

Best photography spots

The ramparts offer the best panoramic views — arrive early morning or late afternoon for golden light across the landscape. The bastions and arched windows make excellent natural frames. Wide-angle lenses capture the scale of the fortifications; telephoto lenses isolate details of the stonework and distant views. Sunset silhouettes of the fort walls against the sky are iconic.

Quick facts

• Type: Tourist Attraction
• State: Tamilnadu
• Category: Forts

Visitor information

Please check locally for current visitor information.