Activities and Things to Do at Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum, Cambodia
The Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum (S-21 Prison) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, is one of the most historically significant sites in the country. It serves as a memorial and educational center, documenting the tragic events of the Khmer Rouge era (1975-1979). Originally a high school, it was transformed into Security Prison 21 (S-21), where thousands of Cambodians were detained, tortured, and executed.
A visit to the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum offers a deeply emotional and educational experience, helping visitors understand Cambodia’s painful history. Below are the main activities and things to do when exploring the museum:
1. Take a Self-Guided or Audio Tour
- The audio guide provides detailed historical context in multiple languages.
- Covers first-hand survivor accounts, historical events, and background information on the Khmer Rouge.
- Helps visitors navigate the different buildings and sections of the museum.
- Recommended Duration: 1.5 – 2 hours.
Tip: Audio tours are highly recommended for a comprehensive experience and are available for a small additional fee.
2. Explore the Former Prison Cells
- Walk through the interrogation rooms, small brick cells, and communal holding areas where prisoners were kept.
- Observe the original iron beds, shackles, and instruments used for torture.
- See the chalkboard writings left behind from when the school was repurposed as a prison.
3. View the Photographic Exhibits & Prisoner Records
- The museum houses thousands of haunting photographs taken by the Khmer Rouge.
- Each prisoner was photographed upon arrival, and these images are displayed in rows.
- Personal belongings and documents of prisoners, guards, and officials provide insight into the lives of those affected.
4. Read the Written Accounts & Survivor Stories
- The museum features written testimonies and personal stories from survivors and families of victims.
- Includes letters, diary entries, and interviews collected over the years.
- Some exhibits detail how prisoners were selected, interrogated, and later taken to the Killing Fields for execution.
5. Watch Documentary Films
- A documentary screening room presents films about the Khmer Rouge regime, survivor testimonies, and the war tribunal trials.
- Topics include the rise of Pol Pot, the Cambodian genocide, and post-war justice efforts.
- Film screenings are held at scheduled times throughout the day.
6. Meet & Listen to Survivor Testimonies (If Available)
- On some days, survivors of S-21, such as Chum Mey and Bou Meng, visit the museum to share their experiences.
- Visitors can listen to their personal stories, ask questions, and even purchase books written by survivors.
- This is one of the most powerful and emotional parts of the visit.
7. Visit the Memorial Stupa
- Located inside the museum grounds, the memorial stupa honors the victims who suffered at S-21.
- Visitors can pay their respects, leave flowers, or reflect on the history of the site.
8. Visit the Museum Bookshop & Research Center
- The bookshop offers books on Cambodian history, the Khmer Rouge regime, and survivor memoirs.
- The research center has historical documents, archives, and records for those interested in further study.
9. Combine the Visit with the Killing Fields (Choeung Ek Genocidal Center)
- Many visitors combine a trip to Tuol Sleng with a visit to Choeung Ek (The Killing Fields).
- Choeung Ek is located about 15 km outside Phnom Penh, where thousands of S-21 prisoners were executed.
- It includes mass graves, a Buddhist memorial stupa, and an informative audio guide.
Essential Visitor Tips
Opening Hours: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM (Last entry at 4:30 PM).
Entrance Fee: Around $5 USD for general admission, $8 USD with an audio guide.
Dress Code: Modest attire (shoulders and knees covered) out of respect for the victims.
Best Time to Visit: Morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds.
Photography: Allowed in most areas, but be respectful when taking photos.
Emotional Preparedness: The museum contains graphic images and disturbing accounts, which may be emotionally overwhelming.
Final Thoughts
A visit to Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum is a deeply moving experience that provides insight into Cambodia’s dark past and the resilience of its people. It is highly recommended for history enthusiasts, students, and anyone looking to understand Cambodia’s history beyond its famous temples.
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